Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution

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Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution

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Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution Specification

Melting Point
N/A (liquid solution)

Particle Size
Not applicable (liquid)

Molecular Formula
C4H13NO

Viscosity
Similar to water

Boiling point
~100C (solution); 124C (pure TMAH)

Place of Origin
India

Assay
25% (w/w) TMAH

Loss on Drying
Not applicable (aqueous solution)

Storage
Store in tightly closed containers, at cool and dry place, away from acids

Moisture (%)
Balance (solvent: water)

Molecular Weight
91.15 g/mol

EINECS No
200-882-9

HS Code
29211990

Residue on Ignition
0.1%

Ph Level
13-14 (strongly alkaline)

Heavy Metal (%)
0.001%

Other Names
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide; TMAH

CAS No
75-59-2

Type
Alkali; Quaternary ammonium compound

Grade
Electronic grade / Analytical grade

Usage
Etchant, developer in semiconductor manufacturing, organic synthesis, photoresist remover

Purity
25% w/w solution in water (other concentrations available)

Appearance
Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid

Application
Photoresist developer, anisotropic silicon etching, surfactant, chemical synthesis

Raw Material
Methanol, ammonia, water

Smell
Ammonia-like

Color
Colorless to pale yellow

Form
Liquid (aqueous solution)

Refractive Index
1.372 - 1.384 (at 20°C)

Solubility
Completely miscible in water

Specific Conductivity
High

Shelf Life
12 months from manufacture date when properly stored

Containers
HDPE drums, plastic carboys

pKa
13.9 (as base)

Density
1.01 - 1.02 g/cm³ (at 25°C)

Hazards
Corrosive to skin and eyes, toxic if swallowed or inhaled

UN No.
UN 3439

Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution Trade Information

Main Export Market(s)
Australia, Central America, North America, South America, Western Europe, Middle East, Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa

About Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solution is a highly basic organic compound that is commonly used as a reagent and etchant in various industrial and laboratory applications. It has the chemical formula N(CH3)4OH and is also known as TMAOH.

TMAH is a colorless to yellowish liquid that is highly soluble in water and has a strong ammoniacal odor. It is typically supplied as a concentrated aqueous solution containing 25-50% TMAH by weight.

TMAH is widely used in the semiconductor industry as a photoresist developer and as an etchant for silicon dioxide and other materials. It is also used in the production of specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and as a surfactant.

Like other highly basic substances, TMAH is corrosive and can cause severe burns and eye damage upon contact. Proper protective equipment, including gloves and goggles, should always be worn when handling this substance. TMAH should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition and incompatible materials.

FAQ

1. What is tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide solution?

Ans - Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide solution (TMAH) is an aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and is a strong base used in a variety of industrial and research applications.

2. What are the applications of TMAH?

Ans - TMAH is widely used in the chemical industry, as it is a strong base and can be used as a catalyst in a variety of reactions. It is also used in the semiconductor industry as an etchant, as well as in the pharmaceutical industry as a cleaning agent.

3. Is TMAH hazardous to human health?

Ans - TMAH is toxic and can be harmful if inhaled or swallowed, and skin contact should be avoided. Proper protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and a respirator should be worn when handling TMAH.

Applications in Semiconductor Manufacturing

Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution is extensively utilized in the semiconductor industry, primarily as a photoresist developer and anisotropic silicon etching agent. Its strong alkalinity and high purity ensure precise patterning and clean etch profiles required for advanced microelectronics. This makes the solution indispensable for manufacturing integrated circuits and other electronic devices.

Safety Precautions and Handling

Due to its corrosive nature and toxicity if swallowed or inhaled, TMAH demands careful handling. Personnel should use appropriate PPE, such as gloves and eye protection, and ensure proper ventilation. Store the solution in tightly closed HDPE or plastic containers at cool, dry locations, away from acids to guarantee safety and maintain product integrity during its 12-month shelf life.

Benefits of TMAH in Chemical Synthesis

Thanks to its high basicity (pKa 13.9) and specific conductivity, TMAH serves as a valuable reagent in organic synthesis. Its complete solubility in water and strong alkali properties facilitate efficient catalytic and surfactant roles, enhancing reaction rates and selectivity in synthesizing complex molecules and surfactants for diverse industrial applications.

FAQ's of Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution:

Q: How should Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution be handled and stored safely?

A: TMAH should always be stored in tightly closed HDPE drums or plastic carboys, in a cool, dry area away from acids. When handling, use gloves, eye protection, and operate in a well-ventilated space to minimize exposure, as the solution is strongly corrosive and toxic if ingested or inhaled.

Q: What are the main industrial uses of TMAH solution?

A: TMAH is predominantly used as an etchant and photoresist developer in semiconductor manufacturing, and also finds usage in organic synthesis, chemical processing, and as a surfactant for specialty applications.

Q: When does the solution expire, and how can shelf life be maximized?

A: The shelf life of TMAH solution is 12 months from the manufacture date. To ensure longevity, always store the containers tightly sealed in a cool, dry environment, and avoid contamination and contact with acidic substances.

Q: Where is Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide Solution manufactured and supplied from?

A: This solution is manufactured, exported, and supplied from India, typically by certified producers specializing in electronic and analytical grade chemicals for global industrial consumption.

Q: What process makes TMAH a preferred choice for silicon etching in electronics?

A: TMAH's strong alkaline nature (pH 13-14), high purity, and complete miscibility in water enable precise anisotropic silicon etching, which is crucial for achieving sharp and accurate profiles in microelectronic applications.

Q: How does using TMAH solution benefit semiconductor production and chemical synthesis?

A: By delivering exceptional purity and strong basicity, TMAH promotes high-quality photoresist developing and selective etching, leading to superior microchip performance. Its role as a catalyst improves reaction efficiency in organic synthesis, benefitting various specialty chemical industries.

Q: What hazards are associated with TMAH, and how can exposure be minimized?

A: TMAH is corrosive to skin and eyes and toxic if swallowed or inhaled. To minimize exposure risks, always use personal protective equipment, employ proper storage, and follow rigorous safety protocols during handling and use.

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